Opinion
10th National Assembly: Gains and Pains of Legislature-Executive Harmony
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By Obute James
Since the return of democracy in 1999 with the Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999 as Amended) recognizing Presidential System as system of government in the country, the functions of each arm of government have been generating controversies.
In the presidential system of government like US pattern, there are three arms of government namely, the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. In line with the nation’s constitution, the Legislature is saddled with the responsibility of lawmaking and oversight; the Executive is responsible for the implementation of the laws while the Judiciary Arm interprets the laws.
In the executive arm, only the president and his vice are elected during the general election.
The Chief Justice of Nigeria, CJN is the head of the judicial arm of the government of Nigeria. The Chief Justice of Nigeria is nominated by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria upon recommendation by the National Judicial Council and is subject to confirmation by the National Assembly.
The Nigerian Legislature at the Federal Level is made-up of bicameral, consisting of Senate (109 Senators) and House of Representatives (360 Members).
The President of the Nigerian Senate is the presiding officer of the Senate elected by senators. The Speaker presides over the House of Representatives and elected by Members. All the 109 senators and 360 Members are elected during the general election.
From 1960 to date 14 senators had served as President of Nigerian Senate. They include: Federation- Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1 January 1960 to 1 October 1960 (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons); Dennis Osadebay, 1 October 1960 to 1 October 1963 (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons); First Republic- Nwafor Orizu 1 October 1963 to 15 January 1966 (National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons); Second Republic- Joseph Wayas 1 October 1979 to 31 December 1983 (National Party of Nigeria); Interim National Government – Iyorchia Ayu 1992 to November 1993 (Social Democratic Party) and Ameh Ebute, November 1993 to 17 November 1993 (Social Democratic Party).
Forth Republic Evan Enwerem 3 June 1999 to 18 November 1999, People’s Democratic Party, Imo East; Chuba Okadigbo 18 November 1999 to 8 August 2000, People’s Democratic Party, Anambra North; Anyim Pius Anyim, 8 August 2000 to 3 June 2003, People’s Democratic Party, Ebonyi South; Adolphus Wabara, 3 June 2003 to 5 April 2005 People’s Democratic Party, Abia South; Ken Nnamani 5 April 2005 to 5 June 2007, People’s Democratic Party, Enugu East; David Mark, 5 June 2007 to 6 June 2015 People’s Democratic Party, Benue South; Bukola Saraki, 9 June 2015 to 9 June 2019, All Progressives Congress
to 2018, from 2018 (PDP), Kwara Central and Ahmed Ibrahim Lawan 11 June 2019 to 13 June 2023 (Incumbent) All Progressives Congress Yobe North.
Similarly, from 1959 to date 12 indigenous members had presided over the House of Representatives. They include Jaja Wachuku (First indigenous Speaker of the House of Rep. in Nigeria) 1959-1960, NCNC; Ibrahim Jalo Waziri, 1960-1966, NPC; Edwin Ume- Ezeoke, 1979-1983, NPN; Chacha Biam; 1983, NPN; Ghali Umar Na’Abba 2000-2003, PDP; Aminu Bello Masari, 2003-2007, PDP; Patricia Etteh (First female Speaker of the House of Rep. in Nigeria), 2007, PDP; Demeji Bankole 2007-2011, PDP; Aminu Waziri Tambuwal, 2011-2015, PDP; Yakubu Dogara 2015- 2019, APC and Femi Gbajabiamila 2019 to 2023 incumbent, APC.
Ahead of the inauguration of the 10th National Assembly scheduled for June 13, the National Working Committee of the ruling All Progressive Congress, APC in collaboration with President Ahmed Bola Tinubu adopted Senator Godswill Akpabio and Dr. Tajudeen Abbas as preferred candidates for the positions of Senate President and Speaker of the House of Representatives respectively. Senator Jubrin Barau and Hon. Benjamin Kalu were also announced as preferred candidates for the positions of the Deputy Senate President and Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives.
The zoning and micro-zoning arrangement did not go down well with some aspirants both in the Senate and the House of Representatives.
In the Senate, there is no so much noise with regards to the struggle for the position of the senate president like that of the House of Representatives.
In the House of Representatives where some members-elect have declared their interests to contest for the position of the speaker despite the micro-zoning arrangement of the party, many keep on wondering whether the emergence of the speaker outside those endorsed by the party will lead to any significant development in the 10th National Assembly.
Indeed, what had transpired in the past shows what will play out in the 10th National Assembly in the event the table turns against the decision of Mr President and his party.
Between 1999 to 2007 under the then President Olusegun Obasanjo, six Senators took their turns as Senate President. This development was not unconnected with the struggle for supremacy between the presidency (Executive arm) and the legislature. Impeachments of presiding officers were being influenced from outside the National Assembly.
While there was stability or Executive-Legislature harmony between 2007 to 2015 where the Benue Born politician, Senator David Mark served as Senate President, the situation was not completely the same in the House of Representatives as some lawmakers embarked on what was then known as ‘House Project.’
In 2007, Hon. Aminu Tambuwal in collaboration with some members from opposition parties in the name of ‘House Project’ boycotted the zoning arrangement of the ruling party, PDP and emerged as the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
Between 2007 to 2015, in the Senate, bills and constituency projects, particularly zonal intervention projects were being implemented above 75 per cent by the various MDAs. However, lawmakers in the House of Representatives did not enjoy such opportunity due to constant confrontation between the presidency and the members. Some lawmakers who served in the 7th National Assembly noted that private member bills were not given necessary attention and hardly being signed into law while resolutions arising from motions of the members were not being implemented. The constituency projects or zonal intervention projects tied to the members were also not being implemented beyond 30 per cent except those in the ‘good book’ of the executive arm.
The confrontation or struggle for supremacy between the Executive arm and the lawmakers seemed to have come to climax in the 8th National Assembly where the two presiding officers of the Senate and House of Representatives emerged contrary to the position of the party and the presidency. Senator Bukola Sarki and Yakubu Dogara served as Senate President and Speaker of the House of Representatives respectively. Though there were ‘robust debates’ during plenary sessions. Several member bills were passed but the presidency did not sign most of them into law. Resolutions from the two chambers were not given attention by the Executive arm.
Some lawmakers in the 9th National assembly testified that the executive-legislature harmony resulted into the proper consideration of private member bills and even resolutions from the two chambers. For instance, in the House of Representatives between 2011 to 2015 only about 15 private members bill were assented to by Mr. President. Between 2015 to 2019 only about 38 private member bills were also signed into law by Mr President. However, in the 9th National Assembly, about 150 bills were assented to by Mr President.
A member of the House of Representatives who sponsored the highest bills, incidentally, the preferred candidate of the ruling party and Mr President for the position of the Speaker, in the 10th National Assembly, Dr. Tajudeen Abbas recently said that 21 of his bills which were passed and signed by Mr. President was as a result of Executive –Legislative harmony. Between 2019 to 2023, Abbas alone sponsored 75 bills out of which, 21 were assented to by the immediate past President, Muhammadu Buhari.
There is no assembly without a peculiar challenge, however, unlike in the 7th and 8th National Assembly where bills and motions of only those in the ‘good book’ of the Executive arm were given attention, the 9th National Assembly was different in that area as several bills were assented and some resolutions were complied with. It was gathered that constituency projects or zonal intervention projects enjoyed implementation beyond 75 per cent in most cases in the current assembly.
Every arm of government, the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary Arm is unique but it cannot function alone properly without synergy with others. The Legislature-Executive harmony is necessary for growth and development of the nation. However, the National Assembly which is the symbol of democracy should ensure its independence despite this harmony with other arms of government.
Obute Onogwu James is a Journalist and Public Affairs Analyst
Opinion
Akpabio VS. Natasha: Political Sexism or is the Senate a Cult?
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I have worked in the National Assembly though in the Green Chambers as an aide earlier on. I have seen power games played in their rawest form. so I understand how the game is played. The National Assembly is not a debating society where lawmakers sip tea and exchange polite arguments.
It is a political war zone not for the weak but where lawmakers have been known to throw insults like free akara and rip agbadas like WWE wrestlers to assert dominance.
What happened to Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan was not an accident. It was a deliberate act of political suppression disguised as Senate procedure.
If we are being honest, Nigerian lawmakers hardly follow procedure. They shout over each other, climb chairs, and in extreme cases, physical blows settle matters faster than parliamentary rules.
In this same Senate, a senator once jumped over tables to grab the mace like an action film hero. Nobody declared him “out of order.”
So, who are we fooling?
Natasha’s real offense was not breaking Senate rules; it was speaking with the kind of confidence the system does not tolerate from women. She did not lower her voice. She did not wait for permission. She did not beg.
For that, she had to be reminded of her place.
Akpabio, who now plays the role of Senate Headmaster, was once a student of political hooliganism himself.
When he opposed Bukola Saraki’s leadership in the Senate, he disrupted, challenged, and broke every so-called “rule” to assert his position.
Nobody told him he was “out of order” when he threw his weight around. Nobody switched off his microphone when he flexed his influence.
Now, the same Akpabio wants to lecture Natasha on “respect”? Somebody help me understand this selective amnesia.
The message is clear:
Men in power can be loud and aggressive, but women must be quiet and submissive.
Women in power must not challenge the men, otherwise it’s labelled “disrespectful.”
Women in the Senate must clap, nod, and play backup singers while men take the lead.
The Senate allows men to play rough, but expects women to behave like obedient kitchen wives.
Natasha refused to follow that script, and Akpabio’s Senate is punishing her for it.
Natasha’s seat change was not a coincidence; it is a message and a Political Attack.
For those who don’t understand how the National Assembly politics works, let me educate you.
Where you sit in plenary matters. The further back you are, the less visible and important you become. Cameras don’t pick you up easily. If you raise your hand, it’s like you don’t exist.
The presiding officer conveniently “doesn’t see your hand.”The system gradually silences you without needing to say a word.
First, they moved Natasha’s seat to the far end, near the exit. As if waiting for her to walk herself out.
She sat there. Still, that was not enough for them.
Now, they have moved her seat AGAIN!
They have pushed her to the far end corner of the plenary, the burial ground for lawmakers who don’t talk, don’t think, don’t contribute!
That place is for the benchwarmers, the ones who come, sign attendance, eat money, shout “Aye!” and “Nay!” like programmed robots, then vanish!
Natasha is NOT a benchwarmer. She is not a political errand girl. So why are they trying to bury her voice?
If the Senate follows rules, why was Natasha not informed before her seat was changed?
She woke up one morning, came to plenary, and suddenly… bam! She was told to move. Why?
Why?
Since when did they start moving senators around like chess pieces?
Since when did they start treating elected lawmakers like secondary school students being punished for noise-making?
This is deliberate sidelining. She has been excluded from international engagements, forced to fund her own travels while her male colleagues enjoy first-class treatment.
When she dares to raise her voice?
Her microphone is killed like an unwanted radio station.
Is this a democracy or a boys’ cult?
I have worked with lawmakers. I have sat behind the scenes. I have seen how the game is played.
Nigerian politics is not about truth or debate. It is about who can intimidate who into silence.
Akpabio’s “you are out of order” was not just a procedural statement, it was an attempt to put Natasha in her place.
To remind her that no matter how educated, outspoken, or intelligent she is, she is still a woman in a system built by men, designed for men.
That is the strategy. That is the game.
What Happened to Immunity? Or Does It Only Work for Men?
Senators have immunity for whatever they say on the floor of the House.
That is the law. That is the rule.
Yet, somehow, Akpabio treated Natasha like an errant schoolgirl, as if she was breaking some sacred commandment.
The real question is:
Would Akpabio have done the same if Natasha were a man?
Would he have cut off the microphone of a male senator mid-sentence in that same manner?
We know the answer.
Natasha represents something Nigerian politics is not used to; an outspoken woman who does not wait to be given permission to speak.
The system is playing a dirty game: if we can’t stop her from speaking, they will make sure nobody sees her.
That is why this gbas gbos was different.
This is not about rules.
This is about power.
That is the real game.
The Nigerian Senate has never been a quiet place. It has never been a place where emotions are checked at the door.
It is a battleground where policies, positions, and political futures are fought for.
So why is it that the same Senate that tolerates male aggression cannot handle female confidence?
The Nigerian Senate has always been a boys’ club. Women in the Red Chambers are expected to sit quietly, nod obediently, and support the men.
Natasha refused. And now, they are making her pay for it.
Senator Natasha did what every senator is elected to do. She had every right to push back.
The job of a senator is to speak, debate and challenge issues, not to sit down and watch like a guest at a wedding reception.
If that is now considered “out of order,” then perhaps the entire system needs to be reset.
If a lawmaker cannot express themselves, then what exactly are they doing in the Senate? What is their purpose?
Akpabio, as Senate President, has a duty to manage the house.
Leadership is not about silencing people; it is about managing power, balancing authority with fairness without being threatened by it.
Switching off a senator’s microphone is not leadership; it is dictatorship in disguise.
This was not about rules, this was about maintaining control.
What happened in the Red Chambers was bigger than one argument. It was a reminder that power in Nigeria is still a carefully guarded boys’ club.
A place where women are expected to be seen, not hear
This is not just about Natasha. It is about every woman in power who has been bullied into silence and deliberately made invisible in a room where she deserves to stand tall.
This is about a political culture that calls male assertiveness “leadership” but labels female boldness “disrespect.”
This is about a system that is comfortable with male chaos but afraid of female confidence.
The National Assembly is not a church. It is not a royal palace. It is a political arena. Senators should be allowed to speak, regardless of gender.
Call me ILUO-OGHENE but i remain ILUO DePOET and indeed, i have seen with my own eyes.👀
Oya, talk your talk, let’s hear your view.✍🏻
Opinion
Achilles’ Heels of a Dedicated Leader – Natasha in the 10th Senate
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By Hamza Lamisi
No doubt that one of the expected big game Changers of the 10th National Assembly, particularly the Senate, is the emergence of a vocal voice who ran one of the country’s most persecuted election campaigns in Nigeria’s history. From the feminine gender in a male dominated political ecosystem to being transracial in a highly conservative District; a Christian in Muslim-saturated bargain table of stakeholders, from being single to inter-tribally married in a natively and culturally republic Ebira Land. Not only to contest in a struggling opposition party but to face the most ruthless Chief Security Officer of her State, from her District.
The odds were obviously too many but Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan upturned the guess – defeating the threatening ruling party and emerging the first female Senator Kogi State ever produced. She defined the turning point of Kogi Central’s representation in Nigeria’s bicameral Parliament. Unlike her colleagues from Kogi State who rode on the backing of the number one citizen of the State, Senator Natasha’s road to the red Chambers was never paved, it was a tough and rough journey of determination, persistence, unwavering dedication and commitment to a dream held in trust for the people.
She walked through the storms and she is shaped by the lessons – to remain bold, assertive, unbroken, unbeaten and unbowed by any circumstance, because only by struggle and perseverance freedom comes. Not unaware of the systemic dialogue, lobby and collaboration but Senator Natasha would not do so at the expense or in exchange of the People’s trust and mandate for which she swore oath to protect.
Stepping into the Senate as a survivor of election and litigation battles, and looking back to the unwavering support and uncommon trust of Kogi people and Nigerians by extension, notwithstanding already some months behind her fellow law makers, Senator Natasha was prepared to have the end justify the means. Barely 16 months from the very day of her swearing-in till date, Senator Natasha’s contributions and impact in the 10th Senate have left many wonder if she was a first time Senator or one elected from the minority opposition. Most popular and best performing member of the current National Assembly.
Just within one year in office, Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan lit 30 kilometers of road networks across Kogi Central with over 2,000 solar powered streetlights. Over 1,300 women and youth were trained and empowered by the law maker. Senator Natasha has supported the tuition fee of over 353 vulnerable indigenous students at tertiary institutions nationwide. She has faciliated federal employment opportunities for various graduates and facilitate capacity building trainings and empowerment for many others.
She brought a reliable supply of portable water to Kogi Central communities with 12 water reticulation projects with each being a massive 50,000-liter solar-powered motorized water system, which serves 300 locations and provides, 1,800 fetching taps.
To draw legislation closer to the grassroot, Senator Natasha engaged 100 constituency aides both men and women across the 57 wards in Kogi Central. She has distributed 12 trucks of grains, 10, 000 wrappers for women, 20,000 notebooks, 5,000 school bags and reconstructed and remodeled Abdul Aziz Attah Memorial College Okene (AAAMCO), Okene to smart school.
Within one year in office, Senator Natasha has attracted employments in both federal agencies and private organizations to over 30 graduates from her constituency.
Ihima community has been without police station for the past 7 years, Senator Natasha embarked on total reconstruction of Ihima Police Station which was commissioned by the Inspector-General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun.
Senator Natasha distributed 4 trucks of fertilizers totalling 2,400 bags of NPK and Urea fertilizers to Kogi Central farmers. Free Business CAC registration of 2,500 SMEs. She has empowered Kogi Central students from 12 selected tertiary institutions across Nigeria with multipurpose business cart and start up fund.
Commissioned six constituency offices in the five LGAs to make government closer to the people. Senator Natasha has sponsored two motions and two bills including the bill for the establishment of Nigeria Gold Reserve, the bill for the establishment of Ihima Federal Medical Centre, motion to investigate alleged corruption and inefficiency in Ajaokuta Company Ltd and National Iron Ore Mining Company, NIOMCO amongst other.
Senator Natasha has provided 5,000 digital learning devices to both public primary and secondary schools in Kogi Central.
For her magical achievements in office and accelerated development and impact her constituency has witnessed, Senator Natasha has received and even turned down several prestigious awards. She emerged Senator of the year 2024 which is her first year in office as Senator.
Achieving these feats in less than 16 months as a first time Senator and one from the minority party and from Kogi Central, one may wonder what could be the Achilles’ Heels of Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan in the 10th Senate and why the persecution by supposed colleagues in the Chambers. Is there a question of loyalty to individual rather than institution? Is it her performance record or her dedication to the business of legislation rather than playing the cheap political cards around the leadership of the Senate? Is it her idea of universal development of Nigeria rather than regional? After all, every Senator is of the Federal Republic Nigeria and should think and act so.
We may ask further; is anyone being threatened by her uncommon pace? Is there a question of envy or jealousy among her colleagues? Do they expect Senator Natasha to be one step behind, considering the enormity of the task on her shoulders as Senator from an already underrepresented District in the past? Is there a fear that Senator Natasha may reveal to Nigerians what is due to them from their representatives across boards? We may have more to ask than provide answers.
Meanwhile, Senator Natasha is a more than equal to the task of addressing the challenges that come with standing out in an uncommon manner. She is not one to be taught the difference between ‘diplomacy and cold slavery’ or ‘breach of rules and violation of right’. Nobody can silence her or box her to a corner of the Senate. Beyond her voice and impact over the years as an ordinary citizen, the people have been her greatest strength and she can only get more strengthed by any attempt to silence her.
Nigerians know how rare it is to have a NATASHA among the current crop of leaders and they are obviously making sure she is protected against bully, intimidation or harassment in the Senate. The dream is of the people, by the people and for the people, and so the mandate too.
Opinion
Babangida’s Confession and Atonement: Quo Vadis?
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By Professor Mike Ozekhome, SAN, CON, OFR, LL.D.
I have carefully read and listened to former Nigerian military president, General Ibrahim
Badamosi Babagida’s public remorse and regrets over the atrocious annulment of the June
12,1993 presidential elections. He did this 32 whopping years later. I want to very quickly say
that it takes a man with strong guts and balls and a man who has become repentant, born
again and has seen the face of God to publicly recant his earlier wrongful deeds and offer
public apology to the entire nation. This was no doubt meant to heal gapinng wounds and
balm wounded and bruised hearts.
The polls, the best, most transparent and credible elections, ever held in Nigeria till date,
were meant to end decades of military d The annulment threw Nigeria into turmoil and
widespread unreast, protests, maimings and killings. This forced Babagida to “step aside”;
the enthronenent of the Enest Shonekan’s Interim Government; and the arrest and detention
of Chief Moshood Abiola, the presumed winner who later died in Aso Villa in questionable
and suspicious circumstances. Of course, General Sani Abacha who was his second in
command later sacked Shonekan in a bloodless coup. For years, IBB prevaricated on the
annulment, claiming he did it in the best national interest. But on Thursday the 21st of
February, 2025,Babangida during the presentation of his memoirs, “A journey In Service”,
pointedly regretted in the public: “I regret June 12. I accept full responsibility for the
decisions taken and June 12 happened under my watch. Mistakes, missteps happened
in quick succession. That accident of history is most regrettable. The nation is entitled
to expect my expression of regret “. And wait for it:: he acknowledged for the first time that
Abiola won the elections fair and square, trouncing his major opponent, Alhaji Bashir Tofa.
I want to salute Babagida for having the courage and humility to own up like a man; that
everything that happened during the June 12 crisis took place under him as the head of state
and the president who was also the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal
Republic of Nigeria. I salute him for acknowledging that his government which actually
organised unarguably the freest, fairest and most credible elections in the electoral history
of Nigeria when it introduced option A4 from electoral books that were hithenlrto unknown
to Nigeria or to the world. But unfortunately, regrettably like he now admits, he again turned
around to annul the same elections in a way that was most bizarre, curious and unnatural.
To me, that he has come out to open up to doing something wrong and egregious to a
bleeding nation should be appreciated. I believe that Nigerians should forgive him because
to err is human and to forgive is divine ( Eph 4:32 ). I personally have now forgiven him
because I was also a victim of the June12 crisis. It threw up all manners of challenges to me
as a person, where in my very youthful age; in my thirties, I found myself marching on the
streets of Lagos every day- from Ikeja bus stop roundabout, to Ikorodu road; up to Tejuosho
market; from there to Ojuelegba, Surulere; to Mushin; to Shomolu and Igando, Alimosho.
Everyday, we were on the streets, protesting the mindless annulment. Some of us were killed
in process; some were lucky enough to escape abroad on self exile. But some of us- very few
indeed- refused to flee our dear country; we stayed back. We stared at the military eyeball to
eyeball. We challenge authority and spoke truth to power. We challenged impunity and
repression. I suffered several detentions across different detention centres. I virtually could
not find means of livelihood for my youthful family because I was profiled, my phones bugged
and no briefs were coming in. But I personally forgive him because it takes tons of guts to
make public confession of having erred and atone for same as he has now done.
It is confession that leads to penance and penance leads to restitution and then forgiveness.
If Babagida were to die today, I believe that he will see the face of God because he has prayed
God to forgive him; and he has prayed Nigerians to forgive him. Beyond that historic and
epochal mistake of the annulment of the June 12 election which constitutes his original sin,
let me place it on record that Babagida is one of the greatest presidents that Nigeria ever had
in terms of his ingenuity, rulership mantra; ideas for national resurgimento; ideas that
contributed greatly to nation-building. These were aside the IMF-induced loans and pills
which he introduced and which we again valiantly fought against successfully.
Babagida it was who gave birth to the Federal Capital Territory and laid the solid foundation for virtually everything you see there today. His government was peopled by intellectuals and
not by half illiterates and quacks. He recognized and used intellects. He was luminous and he built bridges of understanding, friendship and brotherhood across Nigeria. Nigerians,
please, accept IBB’s confession and forgive him his sin of annuling the June 12,1993
elections. Let the wounds heal; let the heart melt; and let the spirit of national triumphalism
prevail.
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